Raspberry Pi based IOT Security and Surveillance System with motion OS -PART 2

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Project Overview


Hi Friends, today I would like to share a very interesting  IOT project with you. It is titled ” How to make a Raspberry PI Security and Surveillance System- IoT Security”. In this project, you will learn how to build a motion detection camera that you will be able to use as a camera trap, a pet/baby monitor, a security camera, and much more. The best part of this project is that its remotely controlled via IOT and you also learn basic Image processing through it.

This is the 2nd Part of the project. Please explore 1st the Part of this project from

How to make a Raspberry PI Security and Surveillance System- IoT Security-PART 1

1st Part contains  two sections :

  • Section 1 -Image Capturing
  • Section 2 – Micro-controller and Internet gateway

And this Second Part contains:

  • Section 3 – Image Processing and Intrusion Detection
  • Section 4 -Web Dashboard and Mail Alerts

Section 3 : Image Processing and Intrusion Detection

So now we need to setup an image rather video processing program called ‘Motion’.

Motion is a highly configurable program that monitors video signals from many types of cameras. Set it up to monitor your security cameras, watch birds, check in on your pet, create timelapse videos and more.

  • Create videos or save pictures of the activity
  • Passthrough recording from many IP cameras
  • View live stream of cameras
  • Invoke scripts when activities occur
  • Log activity into multiple types of databases
  • Fully customizable masks for privacy or motion detection
  • Full tls(https) support with authentication for webcontrol and streams

For more details on motion – https://motion-project.github.io/

So we will install this motion python module .If we install motion in our Pi then motion will detect any kind of movement happening in front of the Pi Camera. These movements will invoke the Pi Cam to start recording the video. The video will be recorded this the movement stops . So the use can record video if any body intrudes in the campus. This is fully automatic due to the use of motion module.

Installing and Setting Up Motion

#update pi

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

#download

sudo apt-get install motion

#now edit this file with the following changes

sudo nano /etc/motion/motion.conf

#Now to set up motion according to our project we need to so edit the motion.conf  in the following lines.

#################

daemon on

stream_localhost off

webcontrol_localhost off

ffmpeg_output_movies on

target_dir /var/lib/motion

##################

#local web browser streaming options

##################

stream_maxrate 100 #This will allow for real-time streaming but requires more bandwidth & resources

framerate 60 #This will allow for 60 frames to be captured per second #the higher this gets, the slower the video processing

width 640 #This changes the width of the image displayed

height 480 #This changes the height of the image displayed

##################

#emailing video settings in …/motion.conf

##################

#delete the ” ; ” in front of the line, the semicolon comments the line out

# This python code gets executed when any event ( in this case physical object movement like person movement) gets detected

on_event_start python /home/pi/background/motionalert.py %f

# This python code gets executed when the event ends ( eg. person goes out of camera frame)

on_movie_end python /home/pi/background/motionvid.py %f

#then change

sudo nano /etc/default/motion

#to start motion service as a daemon thread

start_motion_daemon=yes

#last, start the motion service

sudo service motion start

#you can change the command to “stop”, or “restart”

So now we have installed motion video processing module in Rpi . It will record the video of any movements ( like a person moving into the camera frame) happening in front of the pi camera.

We view the Live camera  feed from our local browser  using the following Link YOUR_PI_IP:8081 eg 192.168.1.107:8081.

This feed can be used by regular surveillance units.

Section 4 -Web Dashboard and Mail Alerts

Now to alert the user about the probable intrusion , will mail the recorded video to the concerned user pre-configured mail id.This mail will be trigger initially by motion program when any physical movements of objects is detected in front of the pi camera, the pi camera will also start recording the video . Once the movement stops and the video recording  ends , the same video is also mailed to the user using motion program.

For emailing the alert and video following steps are to be followed

Email when motion is detected:

#start at home

cd ~

#create motion alert python script

sudo nano /home/pi/background/motionalert.py

#write

import smtplib

from datetime import datetime

from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart

from email.MIMEText import MIMEText

fromaddr = “YOURADDRESS”

toaddr = “RECIEVINGADDRESS”

msg = MIMEMultipart()

msg[‘From’] = fromaddr

msg[‘To’] = toaddr

msg[‘Subject’] = “Motion Detected”

body = ‘A motion has been detected.nTime: %s’ % str(datetime.now())

msg.attach(MIMEText(body, ‘plain’))

server = smtplib.SMTP(‘smtp.gmail.com’, 587)

server.starttls()

server.login(fromaddr, “YOURPASSWORD”)

text = msg.as_string()

server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddr, text)

server.quit()

Email Video of motion when video is saved:

#start at home
cd ~

#create motion video python script
sudo nano /home/pi/background/motionvid.py

import smtplib

from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart

from email.MIMEText import MIMEText

from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase

from email import encoders


fromaddr = “YOUR EMAIL”

toaddr = “EMAIL ADDRESS YOU SEND TO”

msg = MIMEMultipart()

msg[‘From’] = fromaddr

msg[‘To’] = toaddr

msg[‘Subject’] = “Motion Cam Activated”

body = “Video of Motion Detected”

msg.attach(MIMEText(body, ‘plain’))

import os

rootpath = ‘/var/lib/motion’

filelist = [os.path.join(rootpath, f) for f in os.listdir(rootpath)]

filelist = [f for f in filelist if os.path.isfile(f)]

newest = max(filelist, key=lambda x: os.stat(x).st_mtime)

filename = newest

import os

rootpath = ‘/var/lib/motion’

filelist = [os.path.join(rootpath, f) for f in os.listdir(rootpath)]

filelist = [f for f in filelist if os.path.isfile(f)]

newest = max(filelist, key=lambda x: os.stat(x).st_mtime)

attachment = open(newest, “rb”)

part = MIMEBase(‘application’, ‘octet-stream’)

part.set_payload((attachment).read())

encoders.encode_base64(part)

part.add_header(‘Content-Disposition’, “attachment; filename= %s” % filename)

msg.attach(part)

server = smtplib.SMTP(‘smtp.gmail.com’, 587)

server.starttls()

server.login(fromaddr, “YOUR PASSWORD”)

text = msg.as_string()

server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddr, text)

server.quit()

 How to access your Pi camera live feed from any Where in the world?Remote Survelliance?

Our Raspberry Pi’s local IP is not accessable from outside internet , so as to publicly ,securely access our Pi we need Ngrok

What is ngrok?

ngrok exposes local servers behind NATs and firewalls to the public internet over secure tunnels.

For more details read https://ngrok.com/product

So lets setup ngrok and access our camera feed from any part of the world

Ngrok Setup

sudo wget https://dl.ngrok.com/ngrok_2.0.19_linux_arm.zip

unzip ngrok_2.0.19_linux_arm.zip

Visit ngrok website go to:

https://dashboard.ngrok.com/user/login

and then click sign up to get an authtoken key. this token is necessary if you want your own custom domain doing an online SSH , after you manage to login you will get an authtoken key which a combination of a lot character.

You need to embed this token to your raspberry pi using:

./ngrok yourauthtoken

change the yourauthtoken with your own key that you get from ngrok website. You only need to this once for your raspberry pi.

now you can make your raspberry pi security cam system to be controlled online using

./ngrok 8081

This command will print some think like

ngrok by @inconshreveable
Tunnel Status                 online
Version                       2.0/2.0
Web Interface                 http://127.0.0.1:4040
Forwarding                    http://92832de0.ngrok.io -> localhost:81
Forwarding                    https://92832de0.ngrok.io -> localhost:81
Connnections                  ttl     opn     rt1     rt5     p50     p90
                              0       0       0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00

The portion highlighted in green  is the global ip and port for accessing  our raspberry picamera.

We can check our pi cam live feed by using these links from any browser .

 

Now we have a robust survelliance system to check live camera feed and  have motion detection alerts . You can just make it work will your very own Rpi just under 50$.

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